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The Middle East After the Iraq War
Regardless of its outcome, the Iraq War has had a transformative effect on the Middle East. To equip U.S. policymakers to better manage the war's long...
Lessons and Implications for the Future
The 2011 overthrow of Libyan dictator Muammar Qaddafi by internationally backed rebel groups has left Libyaโs new leaders with a number of post-conf...
Iran is one of the United States' most important foreign policy concerns. It has also been an extraordinarily difficult country with which to engage. ...
"The Islamic State is a byproduct of the 2003 American intervention in Iraq and the subsequent American departure in 2011. At its peak in late 2014, t...
The Nation-Building Challenge
A year after Qaddafi's death, the light-footprint approach adopted for Libya's postwar transition is facing its most serious test. Security, the polit...
Sustainable Partnerships, Strategic Investments
"U.S. policy toward the Middle East has relied heavily on military instruments of power and has focused on regional threats--particularly the Iranian ...
Prospects and Lessons from Around the Globe
Daunting challenges lie ahead for Arab countries where revolutions have upended longstanding authoritarian regimes. This monograph aims to help policy...
Regional artists can play a positive role in shaping public debate and supporting democratic transition in the Middle East. This report explores the c...
Since the 2011 revolution in Egypt, the Muslim Brotherhood has emerged as a key political player. Although individuals under the age of 35 make up a l...
Strategic Rethink
The first in a series exploring the elements of a national strategy for U.S. foreign policy, this book examines the most critical decisions likely to ...
Less than two years since the beginning of the uprising in Syria, localized protests have morphed into full-blown civil conflict, and external actors ...
Critical U.S. Policy Choices
As Iran?'s nuclear program evolves, U.S. decisionmakers will confront a series of critical policy choices involving complex considerations and policy ...
As Irans nuclear program evolves, U.S. decisionmakers will confront a series of critical policy choices involving complex considerations and trade-off...
This report examines what binds and divides the six Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) statesโBahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United...
As a means of helping U.S. policymakers and Middle East watchers better understand voting patterns in Egypt since the 2011 revolution, RAND researcher...
The Role of Airpower in Operation Inherent Resolve
Airpower played a pivotal role in the U.S.-led fight against the Islamic State from 2014 to 2019 and contributed to the success of Operation Inherent ...
Changes in U.S. Regional Security Policies to Operationalize a Realist Grand Strategy of Restraint
Under a realist grand strategy of restraint, the United States would cooperate more with other powers, reduce its forward military presence, and end s...
A Summary of Lessons from Around the Globe
This report is an updated version of the summary section of Democratization in the Arab World. It is largely the same as the summary published in 2012...
The Implications of Demographic and Economic Trends
This report assesses likely demographic and economic trends in the Arab world through 2020, focusing on changes that are likely to affect U.S. defense...
Implications for the U.S.-Turkish Strategic Partnership and the U.S. Army
The longstanding U.S. strategic partnership with Turkey, a powerful NATO ally, has become strained in recent years. RAND researchers assess challenges...
How Competitors and Adversaries Could Exploit Climate-Related Conflict in the U.S. Central Command Area of Responsibility
This report presents an analysis of how U.S. competitors and adversaries--China, Russia, and Iran--could attempt to exploit climate-related conflict i...
Improving Effectiveness and Finding Efficiencies
To support defense planners in crafting effective deterrence strategies, RAND researchers assess the impact of U.S. forward presence, exercises and sh...
Describes the creation of developmentally appropriate criteria used to identify and screen Arabic-language works for children that promote tolerance a...
State Motivations and Future Trends
The authors used both quantitative analysis and case studies of China, Iran, and Russia to examine the causes and likely future trends in proxy wars: ...
Workshop Summary
After popular uprisings toppled authoritarian leaders in Tunisia, Egypt, and Libya in 2011 and precipitated a negotiated power transfer in Yemen in 20...
Four Models of Iran's Nonstate Client Partnerships
The Iran Threat Network (ITN) is a formidable force made up of tens of thousands of fighters. It spreads across the Middle East and South Asia and has...
Military Implications
The authors examine the military implications of intrastate proxy wars: civil wars in which at least one local warring party receives material support...
Executive Summary
The U.S. experiences in Iraq and Afghanistan and the resulting U.S. military doctrine emphasize the need for the United States to consolidate the gain...
Using U.S. Leverage in Iraq, Afghanistan, and Beyond
This report evaluates U.S. options for stabilizing conflict-affected states by incentivizing governance reforms through military and development assis...
Regional responses to a final nuclear agreement
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The authors assessed humanitarian needs in Eastern Syria's Middle Euphrates River Valley and examined how locally focused stabilization efforts might ...
"Regional instability and conflict have often frustrated U.S. leaders' aspirations to pivot away from the burdens of military operations in the Middle...
An Assessment of Climate Change in U.S. Central Command
This report characterizes how climate hazards will affect the physical environment in the U.S. Central Command's area of responsibility in 2035, 2050,...
Risks, Proliferation, Mitigation, and Cost of an Attack
This report provides a summary of the risks, proliferation, costs of man-portable air defense system attacks against commercial aviation targets. It a...
Surveys the availability of reliable policy-relevant data in the Kurdistan Region--Iraq, identifies the high-priority areas for which more data are re...
U.S. Ground Force Contributions
This report, which outlines four battles within Operation Inherent Resolve (OIR) and reviews U.S. ground force contributions to those battles, is inte...
To help U.S. policymakers prepare for the withdrawal of U.S. troops from Iraq in late 2011, this paper presents options for mitigating the risks of Ar...
Five Scenarios Through 2011
Report of results of three RAND workshops held in November and December 2008....
This monograph provides strategies to increase private-sector employment, including ways to reemploy civil-service workers in the private sector, in t...
Assessing Objectives and Missions for Aerial Intervention
"This report offers an operationally informed overview of options for U.S. and allied military intervention in the Syrian civil war using airpower. It...