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Lessons and Implications
Energy subsidies are aimed at protecting consumers, however, subsidies aggravate fiscal imbalances, crowd out priority public spending, and depress pr...
The proposed SDN discusses the specific macro-critical aspects of womenโs participation in the labor market and the constraints that prevent women f...
This paper studies the evolution of worldwide military spending during 1970-2018. It finds that military spending in relation to GDP is converging, bu...
This paper is an excerpt from Inequality and Fiscal Policy. The sizeable increase in income inequality experienced in advanced economies and many part...
Staff Discussion Notes showcase the latest policy-related analysis and research being developed by individual IMF staff and are published to elicit co...
This paper fills a gap in the macroeconomic literature on renewable sources of energy. It offers a definition of green investment and analyzes the tre...
Challenges and Experience
Pension reform is high on the agenda of many advanced and emerging market economies, for many reasons. First, public pensions often constitute a large...
Using cross-country analysis and case studies, this book provides new insights and potential policy responses for the key fiscal policy challenges tha...
The sizeable increase in income inequality experienced in advanced economies and many parts of the world since the 1990s and the severe consequences o...
Does the Composition of Aid Matter?
This paper examines the revenue response to inflows of foreign aid in 107 countries during the period 1970โ2000, In particular, it investigates whet...
This paper presents an analysis of the determinants of private investment in the Caribbean region, using data for the 1977-91 time period. Drawing on ...
This Staff Discussion Note looks at the stark fiscal challenges posed by the decline and aging of populations between now and 2100. It finds that with...
Pension reform is high on the policy agenda of many advanced and emerging market economies. In advanced economies the challenge is generally to contai...
This paper reviews the impact of interest rate controls in Kenya, introduced in September 2016. The intent of the controls was to reduce the cost of b...
Issues in Managing Water Challenges and Policy Instruments
This paper examines water challenges, a growing global concern with adverse economic and social consequences, and discusses economic policy instrument...
Evidence From Global Food Aid
Global food aid is considered a critical consumption smoothing mechanism in many countries. However, its record of stabilizing consumption has been mi...
The Recent Experience of Bolivia
This paper analyzes the determinants of currency substitution in Bolivia in the period following the 1984/85 hyperinflation. We find that expected exc...
The end of the Cold War has ushered in significant changes in worldwide military spending. This paper finds that the easing of (1) international tensi...
The decline in military spending that began in the mid-1980s continued through 1995, and this decline was widespread both geographically and by level ...
This paper discusses experiences in reestablishing fiscal management in postconflict countries. Building fiscal institutions in postconflict countries...
The paper studies the economic determinants of government subsidies using panel data for 40 countries over 18 years (from 1975 to 1992) and finds that...
In late 1999 the IMF established the Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility (PRGF) to integrate the objectives of poverty reduction and growth more ful...
The IMF is increasingly emphasizing ""high-quality growth""--That is, growth that is sustainable, that is accompanied by appropriate domestic and exte...
This paper examines the factors affecting the persistence of fiscal consolidation in 25 emerging market countries during 1980-2001. It proposes a new ...