Nghia-Piotr Le

Global Fossil Fuel Subsidies Remain Large: An Update Based on Country-Level Estimates

This paper updates estimates of fossil fuel subsidies, defined as fuel consumption times the gap between existing and efficient prices (i.e., prices w...

Designing Fiscal Redistribution: The Role of Universal and Targeted Transfers

There is a growing debate on the relative merits of universal and targeted social assistance transfers in achieving income redistribution objectives. ...

Social Spending for Inclusive Growth in the Middle East and Central Asia

This paper examines the role of social spending in improving socioeconomic outcomes in the Middle East and Central Asia. In particular, it addresses t...